VI. Прочитайте и письменно переведите следующий текст. Письменно

ответьте на вопросы после текста.

International trade

International trade is the exchange of goods and services between different

countries. Depending on what a country produces and needs, it can export (sell goods to

another country) and import (buy goods from another country). Governments can control

international trade. The most common measures are tariffs (or duties) and quotas. A tariff

is a tax on imported goods, and a quota is the maximum quantity of a product allowed

into a country during a certain period of time. These measures are protectionist as they

raise the price of imported goods to «protect» domestically produced goods.

International organizations such as the WTO (World Trade Organization) regulate

tariffs and reduce trade restrictions between member countries.

Companies can choose various methods to establish their products in a foreign

market. One option is to start by working with local experts such as sales agents or

distributors, who have the knowledge of the market and sell on behalf of the company.

This often leads to the company opening a local branch or sales office. Another option is

to sell patents and licenses, or give permission to use patents and licenses for their

products. Companies may wish to start by manufacturing in the export market, in which

case they can either set up a local subsidiary or a joint venture with a local partner.

Answer the questions:

1. What is international trade?

2. What is understood under the term «export»?

3. What is import? 4. Are there any measures to control international trade?

5. What are the methods to establish products in a foreign market?